The next day, when we went on shore, the governor told us that he had often difficult work in keeping the convicts in order, and that not long ago a dozen of them contrived to run off with a boat, headed by a desperate fellow who had been a seaman. (A Voyage round the World by W.H.G. Kingston）注：「私たち」は航海中です。
動画の後半部分でリスニング用音声が流れます。
英文を前から読んでいくために、語句のかたまりを作ります。こんな具合に課題文をスラッシュ（斜め線）で区切ります（スラッシュリーディング）。語句のかたまりを意識すると、リスニングで英語の意味をつかむのが楽になります。
The next day,／（接続詞の前）when we went on shore,／（主語が文頭にないときの主語の前）the governor told us／（接続詞の前）that he had often difficult work／（前置詞の前）in keeping the convicts in order,／（接続詞の前）and that not long ago a dozen of them contrived to run off with a boat,／（過去分詞の前）headed by a desperate fellow／（関係代名詞の前）who had been a seaman.
語句のかたまりを前から訳していきます。
The next day,
その翌日
when we went on shore,
私たちが上陸したとき
the governor told us
総督は私たちに語った
that he had often difficult work
彼はしばしば苦労していると
in keeping the convicts in order,
服役囚たちを秩序正しく保つことに
and that not long ago a dozen of them contrived to run off with a boat,
そして、十数人の服役囚が最近、ボートでの脱走を強行したと
headed by a desperate fellow
破れかぶれの男に率いられて
who had been a seaman.
船乗りだった
The next day, when we went on shore, the governor told us that he had often difficult work in keeping the convicts in order, and that not long ago a dozen of them contrived to run off with a boat, headed by a desperate fellow who had been a seaman.
he had often difficult work in keeping〜→ have difficult work in〜ing = 〜することに苦労する
headed by a desperate fellow who had been a seaman→ being が省略された分詞構文（付帯状況）です。
その翌日、私たちが上陸したときに総督が語ったところによると、服役囚たちを秩序正しく保つことに苦労することが多く、先日は十数人の服役囚が元船乗りの破れかぶれの男に率いられてボートでの脱走を強行したという。
今回の課題文には、ペアになっている接続詞があります。
that he had often difficult work〜
the governor told us＜and
that not long ago a dozen of them contrived〜
後ろの that がペアになっていることに気づかないと、意味がとれなくなってしまうので気をつけましょう。
